To estimate the electricity consumption of an average Indian household and the associated costs, we need to consider common household appliances and their usage. Here’s a breakdown of typical household appliances, their power consumption, and the estimated cost of electricity:
Common Household Appliances and Their Power Consumption
- Ceiling Fan
- Power Consumption: 70 Watts
- Daily Usage: 12 hours
- Monthly Usage: 360 hours
- Refrigerator
- Power Consumption: 150 Watts
- Daily Usage: 24 hours
- Monthly Usage: 720 hours
- Television
- Power Consumption: 100 Watts
- Daily Usage: 4 hours
- Monthly Usage: 120 hours
- Air Conditioner (AC)
- Power Consumption: 1,500 Watts
- Daily Usage: 4 hours
- Monthly Usage: 120 hours
- Lighting (LED Bulbs)
- Power Consumption: 10 Watts per bulb
- Daily Usage: 5 hours
- Monthly Usage: 150 hours
- Washing Machine
- Power Consumption: 500 Watts
- Daily Usage: 1 hour
- Monthly Usage: 30 hours
- Water Heater (Geyser)
- Power Consumption: 2,000 Watts
- Daily Usage: 1 hour
- Monthly Usage: 30 hours
Total Monthly Consumption Calculation
To calculate the total monthly consumption, we sum up the consumption of each appliance.
- Ceiling Fan: 70W * 360 hours = 25,200 Wh = 25.2 kWh
- Refrigerator: 150W * 720 hours = 108,000 Wh = 108 kWh
- Television: 100W * 120 hours = 12,000 Wh = 12 kWh
- Air Conditioner: 1,500W * 120 hours = 180,000 Wh = 180 kWh
- Lighting (5 bulbs): 10W * 5 bulbs * 150 hours = 7,500 Wh = 7.5 kWh
- Washing Machine: 500W * 30 hours = 15,000 Wh = 15 kWh
- Water Heater: 2,000W * 30 hours = 60,000 Wh = 60 kWh
Total Monthly Consumption
Total monthly consumption = 25.2 kWh + 108 kWh + 12 kWh + 180 kWh + 7.5 kWh + 15 kWh + 60 kWh
= 407.7 kWh
Cost Calculation
Electricity cost varies by region and tariff, but an average rate is ₹6 per kWh.
Total monthly cost = 407.7 kWh * ₹6/kWh = ₹2,446.2
Hourly and Daily Cost for Each Appliance
- Ceiling Fan:
- Hourly Cost: 70W * ₹6/kWh = ₹0.42 per hour
- Daily Cost: ₹0.42 * 12 = ₹5.04 per day
- Refrigerator:
- Hourly Cost: 150W * ₹6/kWh = ₹0.90 per hour
- Daily Cost: ₹0.90 * 24 = ₹21.60 per day
- Television:
- Hourly Cost: 100W * ₹6/kWh = ₹0.60 per hour
- Daily Cost: ₹0.60 * 4 = ₹2.40 per day
- Air Conditioner:
- Hourly Cost: 1,500W * ₹6/kWh = ₹9 per hour
- Daily Cost: ₹9 * 4 = ₹36 per day
- Lighting (per bulb):
- Hourly Cost: 10W * ₹6/kWh = ₹0.06 per hour
- Daily Cost: ₹0.06 * 5 * 5 = ₹1.50 per day (for 5 bulbs)
- Washing Machine:
- Hourly Cost: 500W * ₹6/kWh = ₹3 per hour
- Daily Cost: ₹3 per day (1 hour usage)
- Water Heater:
- Hourly Cost: 2,000W * ₹6/kWh = ₹12 per hour
- Daily Cost: ₹12 per day (1 hour usage)
Summary
- Average Monthly Consumption: 407.7 kWh
- Average Monthly Cost: ₹2,446.2
- Average Daily Cost: ₹81.54
This breakdown gives a detailed picture of electricity consumption and costs for an average Indian household. Adjustments can be made based on specific usage patterns and local electricity rates.
To determine how many solar panels and batteries you would need to go fully solar, we need to calculate the total energy requirements and then translate that into the number of solar panels and battery storage capacity.
Energy Requirements
Based on the previous calculation, the average monthly energy consumption is 407.7 kWh. To find the daily consumption:
[ \text{Daily Consumption} = \frac{407.7 \text{ kWh}}{30 \text{ days}} = 13.59 \text{ kWh/day} ]
Solar Panel Calculation
Assuming an average peak sun hour of 5 hours per day (a good average for many parts of India), we can calculate the required solar power capacity:
[ \text{Required Solar Power} = \frac{13.59 \text{ kWh/day}}{5 \text{ hours/day}} = 2.718 \text{ kW} ]
Number of Solar Panels:
If we use 350 W solar panels (a common size), the number of panels required is:
[ \text{Number of Panels} = \frac{2,718 \text{ W}}{350 \text{ W/panel}} \approx 8 \text{ panels} ]
Battery Storage Calculation
To ensure that you have power during non-sunny periods or nighttime, you need battery storage. Assuming you want to cover one full day of usage with batteries:
[ \text{Required Battery Capacity} = 13.59 \text{ kWh} ]
Using 12V, 200Ah batteries, the energy storage per battery is:
[ \text{Energy Storage per Battery} = 12V \times 200Ah = 2.4 \text{ kWh} ]
Number of Batteries:
[ \text{Number of Batteries} = \frac{13.59 \text{ kWh}}{2.4 \text{ kWh/battery}} \approx 6 \text{ batteries} ]
Cost Breakdown
Solar Panels
- Cost per 350W panel: ₹15,000 (average price)
- Total cost for panels: ₹15,000 * 8 = ₹120,000
Battery Storage
- Cost per 12V, 200Ah battery: ₹20,000 (average price)
- Total cost for batteries: ₹20,000 * 6 = ₹120,000
Inverter and Other Components
- Inverter cost: ₹50,000 (for a 5 kW inverter)
- Mounting and installation cost: ₹30,000
- Miscellaneous costs (wiring, charge controller, etc.): ₹30,000
Total Cost
- Solar Panels: ₹120,000
- Batteries: ₹120,000
- Inverter: ₹50,000
- Mounting and Installation: ₹30,000
- Miscellaneous: ₹30,000
Total Estimated Cost: ₹350,000
Summary
- Number of Solar Panels Required: 8 (350W each)
- Battery Storage Required: 6 (12V, 200Ah each)
- Total Estimated Cost: ₹350,000
This setup should provide sufficient energy to cover your average daily consumption of 13.59 kWh and include battery storage for backup during non-sunny periods. The exact number of panels and batteries may vary based on specific usage patterns, geographic location, and variations in sunlight availability.